/*
 *  Copyright 2020 NVIDIA Corporation
 *
 *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 */

//! \file thrust/iterator/transform_input_output_iterator.h
//! \brief An iterator which adapts another iterator by applying transform functions when reading and writing
//! dereferenced values.

#pragma once

#include <thrust/detail/config.h>

#if defined(_CCCL_IMPLICIT_SYSTEM_HEADER_GCC)
#  pragma GCC system_header
#elif defined(_CCCL_IMPLICIT_SYSTEM_HEADER_CLANG)
#  pragma clang system_header
#elif defined(_CCCL_IMPLICIT_SYSTEM_HEADER_MSVC)
#  pragma system_header
#endif // no system header

#include <thrust/detail/type_traits.h>
#include <thrust/iterator/iterator_adaptor.h>

THRUST_NAMESPACE_BEGIN

template <typename InputFunction, typename OutputFunction, typename Iterator>
class transform_input_output_iterator;

namespace detail
{
// Proxy reference that invokes InputFunction when reading from and
// OutputFunction when writing to the dereferenced iterator
template <typename InputFunction, typename OutputFunction, typename Iterator>
class transform_input_output_iterator_proxy
{
  using iterator_value_type = it_value_t<Iterator>;
  using Value               = invoke_result_t<InputFunction, iterator_value_type>;

public:
  _CCCL_HOST_DEVICE transform_input_output_iterator_proxy(
    const Iterator& io, InputFunction input_function, OutputFunction output_function)
      : io(io)
      , input_function(input_function)
      , output_function(output_function)
  {}

  transform_input_output_iterator_proxy(const transform_input_output_iterator_proxy&) = default;

  _CCCL_EXEC_CHECK_DISABLE
  _CCCL_HOST_DEVICE operator Value() const
  {
    return input_function(*io);
  }

  _CCCL_EXEC_CHECK_DISABLE
  template <typename T>
  _CCCL_HOST_DEVICE transform_input_output_iterator_proxy operator=(const T& x)
  {
    *io = output_function(x);
    return *this;
  }

  _CCCL_EXEC_CHECK_DISABLE
  _CCCL_HOST_DEVICE transform_input_output_iterator_proxy operator=(const transform_input_output_iterator_proxy& x)
  {
    *io = output_function(x);
    return *this;
  }

private:
  Iterator io;
  InputFunction input_function;
  OutputFunction output_function;
};

// Compute the iterator_adaptor instantiation to be used for transform_input_output_iterator
template <typename InputFunction, typename OutputFunction, typename Iterator>
struct make_transform_input_output_iterator_base
{
private:
  using iterator_value_type = it_value_t<Iterator>;

public:
  using type =
    iterator_adaptor<transform_input_output_iterator<InputFunction, OutputFunction, Iterator>,
                     Iterator,
                     invoke_result_t<InputFunction, iterator_value_type>,
                     use_default,
                     use_default,
                     transform_input_output_iterator_proxy<InputFunction, OutputFunction, Iterator>>;
};

// Register transform_input_output_iterator_proxy with 'is_proxy_reference' from type_traits to enable its use with
// algorithms.
template <typename InputFunction, typename OutputFunction, typename Iterator>
inline constexpr bool
  is_proxy_reference_v<transform_input_output_iterator_proxy<InputFunction, OutputFunction, Iterator>> = true;

} // namespace detail

//! \addtogroup iterators
//! \{

//! \addtogroup fancyiterator Fancy Iterators
//! \ingroup iterators
//! \{

//! \p transform_input_output_iterator is a special kind of iterator which applies transform functions when reading from
//! or writing to dereferenced values. This iterator is useful for algorithms that operate on a type that needs to be
//! serialized/deserialized from values in another iterator, avoiding the need to materialize intermediate results in
//! memory. This also enables the transform functions to be fused with the operations that read and write to the
//! `transform_input_output_iterator`.
//!
//! The following code snippet demonstrates how to create a \p transform_input_output_iterator which performs different
//! transformations when reading from and writing to the iterator.
//!
//! \code
//! #include <thrust/iterator/transform_input_output_iterator.h>
//! #include <thrust/device_vector.h>
//!
//!  int main()
//!  {
//!    const size_t size = 4;
//!    thrust::device_vector<float> v(size);
//!
//!    // Write 1.0f, 2.0f, 3.0f, 4.0f to vector
//!    thrust::sequence(v.begin(), v.end(), 1);
//!
//!    // Iterator that returns negated values and writes squared values
//!    auto iter = thrust::make_transform_input_output_iterator(v.begin(),
//!        ::cuda::std::negate<float>{}, thrust::square<float>{});
//!
//!    // Iterator negates values when reading
//!    std::cout << iter[0] << " ";  // -1.0f;
//!    std::cout << iter[1] << " ";  // -2.0f;
//!    std::cout << iter[2] << " ";  // -3.0f;
//!    std::cout << iter[3] << "\n"; // -4.0f;
//!
//!    // Write 1.0f, 2.0f, 3.0f, 4.0f to iterator
//!    thrust::sequence(iter, iter + size, 1);
//!
//!    // Values were squared before writing to vector
//!    std::cout << v[0] << " ";  // 1.0f;
//!    std::cout << v[1] << " ";  // 4.0f;
//!    std::cout << v[2] << " ";  // 9.0f;
//!    std::cout << v[3] << "\n"; // 16.0f;
//!
//!  }
//! \endcode
//!
//! \see make_transform_input_output_iterator
template <typename InputFunction, typename OutputFunction, typename Iterator>
class transform_input_output_iterator
    : public detail::make_transform_input_output_iterator_base<InputFunction, OutputFunction, Iterator>::type
{
  //! \cond

public:
  using super_t =
    typename detail::make_transform_input_output_iterator_base<InputFunction, OutputFunction, Iterator>::type;

  friend class iterator_core_access;
  //! \endcond

  transform_input_output_iterator() = default;

  //!  This constructor takes as argument a \c Iterator an \c InputFunction and an
  //! \c OutputFunction and copies them to a new \p transform_input_output_iterator
  //!
  //! \param io An \c Iterator pointing to where the input to \c InputFunction will be read from and the result of \c
  //!           OutputFunction will be written to
  //! \param input_function An \c InputFunction to be executed on values read from the iterator
  //! \param output_function An \c OutputFunction to be executed on values written to the iterator
  _CCCL_HOST_DEVICE
  transform_input_output_iterator(Iterator const& io, InputFunction input_function, OutputFunction output_function)
      : super_t(io)
      , input_function(input_function)
      , output_function(output_function)
  {}

  //! \cond

private:
  _CCCL_HOST_DEVICE typename super_t::reference dereference() const
  {
    return detail::transform_input_output_iterator_proxy<InputFunction, OutputFunction, Iterator>(
      this->base_reference(), input_function, output_function);
  }

  InputFunction input_function;
  OutputFunction output_function;

  //! \endcond
};

//! \p make_transform_input_output_iterator creates a \p transform_input_output_iterator from an \c Iterator a \c
//! InputFunction and a \c OutputFunction
//!
//! \param io An \c Iterator pointing to where the input to \c InputFunction will be read from and the result of \c
//!           OutputFunction will be written to
//! \param input_function An \c InputFunction to be executed on values read from the iterator
//! \param output_function An \c OutputFunction to be executed on values written to the iterator
//! \see transform_input_output_iterator
template <typename InputFunction, typename OutputFunction, typename Iterator>
transform_input_output_iterator<InputFunction, OutputFunction, Iterator> _CCCL_HOST_DEVICE
make_transform_input_output_iterator(Iterator io, InputFunction input_function, OutputFunction output_function)
{
  return transform_input_output_iterator<InputFunction, OutputFunction, Iterator>(io, input_function, output_function);
}

//! \} // end fancyiterators
//! \} // end iterators

THRUST_NAMESPACE_END
